lunes, 29 de julio de 2013
martes, 23 de julio de 2013
lunes, 22 de julio de 2013
viernes, 19 de julio de 2013
martes, 9 de julio de 2013
ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
Fill in the correct form – Adjective or adverb
1. My cousin helped me paint the walls. He’s done it very ________________ . (nice)
2. Mum always dresses ________________. (beautiful)
3. He felt ________________ so he stayed at home. (sick)
4. The doctor said that that the wound looked very ________________. (bad)
5. Have you been to the cinema ________________? (late)
6. The boys always greet ________________. (friendly)
7. I’ve ________________ finished writing the book. (near)
8. He is a ________________ intelligent boy, probably the best in the class. (high)
9. The girls wore ________________ coloured skirts. (bright)
10. The headmaster has a very ________________ voice. (loud)
11. That hamburger tastes ________________. (awful)
12. When we got home from the airport we were all very ________________. (sleepy)
13. We ran as ________________ as we could. (fast)
14. The game had ________________ begun when it started to rain. (hard)
15. The exercise wasn’t very difficult. We did it ________________. (easy)
16. She jumped around ________________ when she heard the news. (happy)
17. Mr Smith looked ________________ when he came into the room. (angry)
18. The soup tastes ________________. (wonderful)
19. My car broke down yesterday. I hope the mechanic can fix it ________________. (quick)
20. He became world champion because he races very ________________. (good)
21. She told me that I shouldn’t work so ________________. (hard)
22. The ball stopped ________________ of the goal post. (short)
23. Jane sat there ________________, waiting for someone to come. (silent)
24. Australians and New Zealanders are ________________ related. (close)
25. They always get home ________________ in the evening. (late)
26. I felt ________________ about my final exams. (bad)
27. In the USA food is not as ________________ as in Europe. (expensive)
28. She sent her mother money ________________. (regular)
29. Does you car run fast enough to do ________________ in the race? (good)
30. She stayed ________________ even though she looked rather ________________. (calm,angry)
31. We left the party ________________ because we had to catch the ________________ train. (early,
early)
32. The novel is ________________ written. (interesting)
33. I think you have practiced too much ________________. (late)
34. The jewels have ________________ disappeared. (mysterious)
35. John is a pretty ________________ tennis player. (good)
36. Everything went ________________. (wrong)
37. The driver of the car was ________________ injured in the accident. (serious)
38. Mr Higgins is ________________ upset about losing his keys. (terrible)
39. He looked at me ________________ as he told me the bad news. (sad)
40. She was ________________ to him when she heard that he had lost his job ________________.
(friendly, unexpected)
Fill in the correct form – Adjective or adverb
1. My cousin helped me paint the walls. He’s done it very ________________ . (nice)
2. Mum always dresses ________________. (beautiful)
3. He felt ________________ so he stayed at home. (sick)
4. The doctor said that that the wound looked very ________________. (bad)
5. Have you been to the cinema ________________? (late)
6. The boys always greet ________________. (friendly)
7. I’ve ________________ finished writing the book. (near)
8. He is a ________________ intelligent boy, probably the best in the class. (high)
9. The girls wore ________________ coloured skirts. (bright)
10. The headmaster has a very ________________ voice. (loud)
11. That hamburger tastes ________________. (awful)
12. When we got home from the airport we were all very ________________. (sleepy)
13. We ran as ________________ as we could. (fast)
14. The game had ________________ begun when it started to rain. (hard)
15. The exercise wasn’t very difficult. We did it ________________. (easy)
16. She jumped around ________________ when she heard the news. (happy)
17. Mr Smith looked ________________ when he came into the room. (angry)
18. The soup tastes ________________. (wonderful)
19. My car broke down yesterday. I hope the mechanic can fix it ________________. (quick)
20. He became world champion because he races very ________________. (good)
21. She told me that I shouldn’t work so ________________. (hard)
22. The ball stopped ________________ of the goal post. (short)
23. Jane sat there ________________, waiting for someone to come. (silent)
24. Australians and New Zealanders are ________________ related. (close)
25. They always get home ________________ in the evening. (late)
26. I felt ________________ about my final exams. (bad)
27. In the USA food is not as ________________ as in Europe. (expensive)
28. She sent her mother money ________________. (regular)
29. Does you car run fast enough to do ________________ in the race? (good)
30. She stayed ________________ even though she looked rather ________________. (calm,angry)
31. We left the party ________________ because we had to catch the ________________ train. (early,
early)
32. The novel is ________________ written. (interesting)
33. I think you have practiced too much ________________. (late)
34. The jewels have ________________ disappeared. (mysterious)
35. John is a pretty ________________ tennis player. (good)
36. Everything went ________________. (wrong)
37. The driver of the car was ________________ injured in the accident. (serious)
38. Mr Higgins is ________________ upset about losing his keys. (terrible)
39. He looked at me ________________ as he told me the bad news. (sad)
40. She was ________________ to him when she heard that he had lost his job ________________.
(friendly, unexpected)
lunes, 1 de julio de 2013
THE ADVERBS AND THE ADJECTIVES
The adverbs and the adjectives in English
Adverbs tell us in what way someone does something. Adverbs can modify verbs (here: drive), adjectives or other adverbs.
Adjectives tell us something about a person or a thing. Adjectives can modify nouns (here: girl)or pronouns (here: she).
| adjective | adverb |
|---|---|
| Mandy is a careful girl. | Mandy drives carefully. |
| She is very careful. |
Mandy is a careful driver. This sentence is about Mandy, the driver, so use the adjective.
Mandy drives carefully. This sentence is about her way of driving, so use the adverb.
Form
Adjective + -ly
| adjective | adverb |
|---|---|
| dangerous | dangerously |
| careful | carefully |
| nice | nicely |
| horrible | horribly |
| easy | easily |
| electronic | electronically |
| irregular forms | |
| good | well |
| fast | fast |
| hard | hard |
If the adjective ends in -y, change -y to -i. Then add -ly.
happy - happily
but: shy - shyly
happy - happily
but: shy - shyly
If the adjective ends in -le, the adverb ends in -ly.
Example: terrible - terribly
Example: terrible - terribly
If the adjective ends in -e, then add -ly.
Example: safe - safely
Example: safe - safely
Tip: Not all words ending in -ly are adverbs.
adjectives ending in -ly: friendly, silly, lonely, ugly
nouns, ending in -ly: ally, bully, Italy, melancholy
verbs, ending in -ly: apply, rely, supply
nouns, ending in -ly: ally, bully, Italy, melancholy
verbs, ending in -ly: apply, rely, supply
There is no adverb for an adjective ending in -ly.
Use of adverbs
to modify verbs:
The soccer team played badly last Saturday.
The soccer team played badly last Saturday.
to modify adjectives:
It was an extemely bad match.
It was an extemely bad match.
to modify adverbs:
The soccer team played extremely badly last Wednesday.
The soccer team played extremely badly last Wednesday.
to modify quantities:
There are quite a lot of people here.
There are quite a lot of people here.
to modify sentences:
Unfortunately, the flight to Dallas had been cancelled.
Unfortunately, the flight to Dallas had been cancelled.
Types of adverbs
1) Adverbs of manner
quickly
kindly
quickly
kindly
2) Adverbs of degree
very
rather
very
rather
3) Adverbs of frequency
often
sometimes
often
sometimes
4) Adverbs of time
now
today
now
today
5) Adverbs of place
here
nowhere
here
nowhere
How do know whether to use an adjective or an adverb?
John is a careful driver. -> In this sentences we say how John is - careful.
If we want to say that the careful John did not drive the usual way yesterday - we have to use the adverb: John did not drive carefully yesterday.
Here is another example:
I am a slow walker. (How am I? -> slow -> adjective)
I walk slowly. (Ho do I walk? -> slowly -> adverb)
Adjective or Adverb after special verbs
Both adjectives and adverbs may be used after look, smell and taste. Mind the change in meaning.
Here are two examples:
| adjective | adverb |
|---|---|
| The pizza tastes good. (How is the pizza?) | Jamie Oliver can taste well. (How can Jamie Oliver taste?) |
| Peter's feet smell bad. (How are his feet?) | Peter can smell badly. (How can Peter smell?) |
Do not get confused with good/well.
Linda looks good.
(What type of person is she?)
Linda looks well.
(How is Linda? -> She may have been ill, but now she is fit again.)
How are you? - I'm well, thank you.
One can assume that in the second/third sentence the adverb well is used, but this is wrong.
well can be an adjective (meaning fit/healthy), or an adverb of the adjective good.
well can be an adjective (meaning fit/healthy), or an adverb of the adjective good.
Conclusion:
Use the adjective when you say something about the person itself.
Use the adverb, when you want to say about the action.
Use the adjective when you say something about the person itself.
Use the adverb, when you want to say about the action.
READING : NEPAL
NEPAL
Nepal, a small, mountainous country tucked
between India and China, may seem
completely foreign to many Americans. Cows
walk down busy streets unharmed,
24
different languages are spoken, and people eat two meals of rice and lentils
every day. Nepali holidays, many of which are related to the Hindu religion,
can seem especially bizarre to Americans unfamiliar with the culture. However,
if we look beyond how others celebrate to consider the things they are
celebrating, we find surprising similarities to our own culture.
The biggest holiday in Nepal is Dashain,
a ten-day festival for the Hindu goddess Durga that takes place in September or
October. According to Hindu beliefs, Durga defeated the evil demons of the
world. To thank the goddess, people visit temples in her honor and sacrifice goats
or sheep as offerings. Throughout the year, most Nepalis do not eat much meat
because it is expensive, but Dashain is a time to enjoy meat every day. Children
fly colorful, homemade kites during Dashain. People also construct
enormous bamboo swings on street corners and in parks. Every evening people
gather at these swings and take turns swinging. Nepalis say that by swinging, people can relieve the earth
of their weight, if only for a few minutes out of the year. Dashain is a
time for people to eat good food, relax, and enjoy themselves!
Aside from eating and enjoying themselves,
during Dashain people also receive
blessings from their elders. Schools and
offices shut down so people can travel to be with their families. Reuniting
with family reminds people of the importance of kindness, respect, and forgiveness.
People also clean and decorate their homes for Dashain. And, like many
holidays in the United States, it is a time for shopping. Children and adults
alike get new clothes for the occasion. People express appreciation for
all that they have, while looking forward to good fortune and peace in the year
to come.
During American holidays, people may not
sacrifice goats or soar on bamboo swings,
but we do often travel to be with family
members and take time off work or school to relax. No matter how we celebrate,
many people around the world spend their holidays honoring family, reflecting
on their blessings, and hoping for good fortune in the future.
LION IN LOVE
LION IN LOVE
It happened a long time ago. The weather was fine and there was plenty of food and good beer to drink. There was a country and like all good countries it had a king. He wasn't a bad old stick either, as kings go, and his queen was a good-looking woman. So he did his kinging in the daytime and his queening in the night and everything passed off very pleasant for everyone concerned. But like all good things it had to come to an end, and soon the king went off to war and the queen was left on her own for years.
And naturally enough she got a bit fed up with it, and one night when she was in bed she heard the west wind knocking on her bedroom door. Well she knew what he was after all right, but she let him in all the same, and soon after he'd whispered a few sweet nothings in her ear and succumbed to his passion and one thing led to another and when she woke up next morning she found she was pregnant.
So the west wind carried her off to his palace and when her husband came back from the wars and found out that she'd buzzed of he was very upset. Anyway, after a bit he got angry and snatched a thunderbolt out of the sky and threw it and he followed it to the place where it had landed, but his wife wasn't there. So he did the same thing again and again until he arrived at a palace.
Well by this time the west wind had got a bit fed up with the queen and he'd left her flat, her and her baby, and when the queen realized that her husband the king had caught up with her she felt so ashamed that she ran away with her child and jumped off the edge of the world, straight into the sea, and as soon as she touched the water she was changed into a great rock.
READING : IS THE SALIVA DANGEROUS
IS THE SALIVA DANGEROUS ?
When we are young, we learn
that tigers and sharks are dangerous animals. We might
be scared of them because they are big and powerful. As
we get older, however, we learn that sometimes the most dangerous animals are
also the smallest animals. In fact, the animal that kills the most people every
year is one that you have probably killed
yourself many times: the
mosquito.
While it may seem that all
mosquitoes are biters, this is not actually the case. Male mosquitoes eat plant nectar. On the other hand, female
mosquitoes feed on animal blood. They need this blood to live and produce eggs.
When a female mosquito bites a human being, it transmits a small amount of
saliva into the blood.
This saliva may or may not
contain a deadly disease. The result of the bite can be as
minor as an itchy bump or
as serious as death.
Because a mosquito can bite
many people in the course of its life, it can carry diseases from one person to
another very easily. Two of the most deadly diseases carried by mosquitoes are
malaria and yellow fever. More than 700 million people become sick from these
diseases every year. At least 2 million of these people will die from these
diseases.
Many scientists are working
on safer and better ways to kill mosquitoes, but so far, there is no sure way
to protect everyone in the world from their deadly bites. Mosquito nets can be
placed over beds to protect people against being bitten. These nets help people
stay safe at night, but they do not kill any mosquitoes. Mosquitoes have many
natural enemies like bats, birds, dragonflies, and certain kinds of fish.
Bringing more of these animals into places where mosquitoes live might help to
cut down the amount of mosquitoes in that area.
This is a natural solution, but it does not
always work very well. Mosquitoes can also be killed with poisons or sprays.
Even though these sprays kill mosquitoes, they may also harm other plants or
animals.
Although mosquitoes may not
seem as scary as larger, more powerful animals, they are far more dangerous to
human beings. But things are changing. It is highly likely that one day
scientists will find a way to keep everyone safe from mosquitoes and the
diseases they carry.
SCOTLAND : A LAND OF CONTRASTS
SCOTLAND: A land of contrasts
Scotland provides superb opportunities to enjoy wild and grand scenery
which is even more impressive than the postcards suggest. It also offers towns
and cities with a rich cultural life, a good mix of accommodation and places to
eat and drink. Friendly and welcoming, it is an interesting and colourful
all-season destination, where landscapes and the environment, sport and leisure
pursuits, heritage and history, culture and cuisine are all part of a rewarding
experience.
The best reason for choosing to go on holiday to Scotland is this: is
one of the last places inside the crowded and frenetic European Union where it
is possible to be alone isolated countryside. This is not to say that Scotland,
like everywhere else, does not have its tourist traps, its crowded roads or its
popular beauty spots. But it is relatively easy to escape from them.
It would be a mistake to think that Scotland is merely an extension of
England.
Indeed, no attitude is capable of causing greater offence to the Scots.
They successfully resisted English attempts at domination for seven hundred
years, and many differences between the two countries persist.
Scotland's history, embodied in its castles, battlefields, and ancient
links with
France, Flanders and Scandinavia, is special.
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